In the name of Allah most gracious most merciful
Assalaamualaikum wa rahmatuallahi wa barakatuhu,
Music and Singing is haraam[prohibited]in Islam.
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Evidences from Quran:
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[A]31.6 But there are, among men, those who purchase idle tales, without knowledge (or meaning), to mislead (men) from the Path of Allah and throw
ridicule (on the Path): for such there will be a Humiliating Penalty.
The great Companion and exegete of the Qur’an, Sayyiduna Abd Allah ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with him) states: "The meaning of the word is music,
singing and the like." (Sunan al-Bayhaqi, 1/221& Musannaf Ibn abi Shayba, 132/5)
[B]17.64 "Lead to destruction those whom thou canst among them, with thy (seductive) voice; make assaults on them with thy cavalry and thy infantry;
mutually share with them wealth and children; and make promises to them." But Satan promises them nothing but deceit.
[C]77:72"Those who witness no falsehood, and if they pass by futility, they pass by it with honourable avoidance."
Imam Abu Bakr al-Jassas relates from Sayyiduna Imam Abu Hanifah (Allah be
pleased with him) that the meaning of "falsehood (zur)" is music & song.
(Ahkam al-Qur’an, 3/428)
[D]53:59 Do ye then wonder at this recital?
60 And will ye laugh and not weep
61 Wasting your time in vanities?
62 But fall ye down in prostration to Allah and adore (Him)!
According to Ibn Abbaas (ra), the word 'saamidoon' in this verse refers to the mushrikeen's habit of singing and playing music noisily whenever they
heard the Qur'aan being recited, in order to drown out the reciters voice so that others wouldn't hear it.
Evidences from Hadith.
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Al-Tirmidhi HadithHadith 3654 Narrated byAbuUmamah
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "Allah has sent me as a mercy to the universe and as a guidance to the universe, and my Lord, Who is Great and
Glorious, has commanded me to annihilate stringed instruments, wind instruments, idols, crosses and pre-Islamic customs. My Lord, Who is Great
and Glorious has sworn, 'By My might, none of My servants will drink a mouthful of wine without My giving him a similar amount of pus to drink, but
he will not abandon it through fear of Me without My giving him drink from the holy tanks.'"
Ahmad transmitted it.
Al-Tirmidhi HadithHadith 5450 Narrated byAbuHurayrah
Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) said, "When the booty is taken in turn, property given in trust is treated as spoil, zakat is looked on as a
fine, learning is acquired for other than a religious purpose, a man obeys his wife and is unfilial towards his mother, he brings his friend near and
drives his father far off, voices are raised in the mosques, the most wicked member of a tribe becomes its ruler, the most worthless member of a people
becomes its leader, a man is honoured through fear of the evil he may do, singing-girls and stringed instruments make their appearance, wines are
drunk, and the last members of this people curse the first ones, look at that time for a violent wind, an earthquake, being swallowed up by the
earth, metamorphosis, pelting rain, and signs following one another like bits of a necklace falling one after the other when its string is cut."
Tirmidhi transmitted it.
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 7.494B Narrated byAbu Amir or Abu Malik Al Ashari
that he heard the Prophet saying, "From among my followers there will be some people who will consider illegal sexual intercourse, the wearing of
silk, the drinking of alcoholic drinks and the use of musical instruments, as lawful. And there will be some people who will stay near the side of a
mountain and in the evening their shepherd will come to them with their sheep and ask them for something, but they will say to him, 'Return to us
tomorrow.' Allah will destroy them during the night and will let the mountain fall on them, and He will transform the rest of them into monkeys
and pigs and they will remain so till the Day of Resurrection."
Permissibility of Drums & singing without music.
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Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 4.730 Narrated byAisha
That during the Mina days, Abu Bakr came to her, while there where two girls with her, beating drums, and the Prophet was (lying) covering himself with
his garment. Abu Bakr rebuked the two girls, but the Prophet uncovered his face and said, "O Abu Bakr! Leave them, for these are the days of Id
(festival)." Those days were the days of Mina. 'Aisha added, "I was being screened by the Prophet while I was watching the Ethiopians playing in the
mosque. 'Umar rebuked them, but the Prophet said, "Leave them, O Bani Arfida! Play. (for) you are safe."
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 6.568 Narrated byAbu Musa
That the Prophet said to him, "O Abu Musa! You have been given one of the musical wind-instruments of the family of David ."
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 2.72 Narrated byAisha
Abu Bakr came to my house while two small Ansari girls were singing beside me the stories of the Ansar concerning the Day of Buath. And they were not
singers. Abu Bakr said protestingly, "Musical instruments of Satan in the house of Allah's Apostle !" It happened on the 'Id day and Allah's Apostle
said, "O Abu Bakr! There is an 'Id for every nation and this is our 'Id."
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 2.103 Narrated byUrwa on the authority of Aisha
On the days of Mina, (11th, 12th, and 13th of Dhul-Hijjah) Abu Bakr came to her while two young girls were beating the tambourine and the Prophet was
lying covered with his clothes. Abu Bakr scolded them and the Prophet uncovered his face and said to Abu Bakr, "Leave them, for these days are the
days of 'Id and the days of Mina." 'Aisha further said, "Once the Prophet was screening me and I was watching the display of black slaves in the
Mosque and ('Umar) scolded them. The Prophet said, 'Leave them. O Bani Arfida! (carry on), you are safe (protected)'."
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 5.336 Narrated byAr Rubai bint Muauwidh
The Prophet came to me after consuming his marriage with me and sat down on my bed as you (the sub-narrator) are sitting now, and small girls were
beating the tambourine and singing in lamentation of my father who had been killed on the day of the battle of Badr. Then one of the girls said, "There
is a Prophet amongst us who knows what will happen tomorrow." The Prophet said (to her)," Do not say this, but go on saying what you have spoken
before."*Note:[tambourine -the duff /daff- a one-sided drum made of animal skin. ]
What is mustahabb [recommended].
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1. To beat only the daff [simple hand drum] at weddings[women only],
2.women singing amongst themselves, with daff, songs should'nt contain evil
words or distract people from their duties.
3. No mixing with men. Should'nt annoy or disturbance neighbours. What some
people do, of amplifying such singing with loudspeakers is evil, because of
the disturbance it causes to other Muslims.
As for men, it is not permissible for them to play any kind of musical instrument, whether at weddings or on any other occasion. What Allaah has
prescribed for men is training in the use of instruments of war, such as target practice or learning to ride horses and competing in that, using
spears, shields, tanks, airplanes and other things such as cannons, machine guns, bombs and anything else that may help jihaad for the sake of Allaah."
A Haram (Prohibited) Profession
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It is haram (prohibited) to work as a salesperson in a store that sells musical instruments. If a person hears them without intending to, that does not matter. (al-Majmoo', 10/78).
Refutations-
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Some muslims don't want to believe Music is Haraam.To take is as permissible they put some arguments.Below are their refutations along with their claims.
.
Claim 1.
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Narrated Abu Musa: "That the Prophet said to him 'O Abu Musa! You have been given one of the musical wind-instruments of the family of David.'
(Translation of Sahih Bukhari, Virtues of the Qur'an, Volume 6, Book 61, Number 568)"
Refutation
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This is just singing melodiously without music.
Claim 2 .
-David [Dawood alai salaam ] who sings psalms for Allah subhanawatala:And also brids,hills and to sing praises.[so this is all music
to them]
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4:163 "We have sent thee inspiration, as We sent it to Noah and the Messengers after him: we sent inspiration to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob
and the Tribes, to Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon, and to David We gave the Psalms."
17:55 "And it is your Lord that knoweth best all beings that are in the heavens and on earth: We did bestow on some prophets more (and other) gifts
than on others: and We gave to David (the gift of) the Psalms."
38:18.It was We that made the hills declare in unison with him Our Praises at eventide and at break of day.
38:19. And the birds gathered (in assemblies): all with him did turn (to Allah).
38:20.We strengthened his kingdom and gave him wisdom and sound judgment in
speech and decision.
34:10And assuredly We gave David grace from Us, (saying): O ye hills and birds, echo his psalms of praise! And We made the iron supple unto him,
21:79 To Solomon We inspired the (right) understanding of the matter: to each (of them) We gave Judgment and Knowledge; it was Our power that made
the hills and the birds celebrate Our praises with David: it was We Who did (these things).
Refutation:
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Singing of hills & birds with prophet Dawood alai salaam was not music,but it was the worship of hills and birds,as all created things by Allah
subhanawatala worship him.
22:18 Seest thou not that to Allah bow down in worship all things that are in the heavens and on earth the sun the moon the stars; the hills the trees
the animals; and a great number among mankind? But a great number are (also) such as are fit for Punishment: and such as Allah shall disgrace none can
rise to honor: for Allah carries out all that He wills.
So its not music but worship ,during Dawud alai salaam's period psalms were sung to praise Allah subhanawatala ,and that is wht the hills,trees,birds did.
calling this as music is wrong as we cannot call today's music as worship.
Claim 3:
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39.75 And thou wilt see the angels surrounding the Throne (Divine) on all sides, singing Glory and Praise to their Lord. The Decision between them (at
Judgment) will be in (perfect) justice, and the cry (on all sides) will be, "Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds!"
If music is so wrong, why do Allah's angels "sing" to the Almighty!
Refutation:
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Singing can certainly be done without music.
Claim 4:
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From Muslim Book 4, Number 735:
Ibn Umar reported: When the Muslims came to Medina, they gathered and sought to know the time of prayer but no one summoned them. One day they discussed
the matter, and some of them said: Use something like the bell of the Christians and some of them said: Use horn like that of the Jews. Umar said:
Why may not a be appointed who should call (people) to prayer? The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: O Bilal, get up and summon (the people) to prayer.
The Hadith relates of how the adhan came to be, and how the Prophet's companions suggested the use of musical instruments such as the horn or bell
like the People of the Book. Now although the Prophet ultimately approved the use of the human voice, there is no mention that the Prophet chastised
his companions for suggesting musical instruments for the adhan. And if the Prophet was so very much against musical instruments, then why would his
companions dare to suggest the use of such sinful things in the call to prayer?
Refutation:
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Prophet [pbuh] never choosed music as a source to call people to prayer.He did not prohibited it as it was not revealed at that time,UnIslamic
Practices were prohibited in stages,it took 23 years to complete in revelation.
Further points on Music:
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Islam forbids adultery & things that leads to it.
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"And do not (even) come near to adultery, for it is a shameful deed and an evil, opening the road (to other evils)." (al-Isra, 32)
Women 's voice is seductive so Men cannot hear women's singing.
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"O wives of the prophet! You are not like other women, if you are god-fearing. So do not be soft in speech. Lest in whose heart is disease should be moved with desire." (Surah al-Ahzab, v. 32)
*Note:It is permissible for women to converse with non-Mahram men at the time of need (and vice versa).
Prophet sais to Bara ibn Malik: "O Bara! Let not the women here your voice." (Kanz al-Ummal, 7/322) The same he said to Anjasha (Allah be pleased with him).
Physical Effects of Music
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1.It affects the brain, along with each and every organ of the body.
2.It affects one’s emotions, increases arousal in terms of alertness & excitement & psychological changes in the person.
3.listening to moderate type of music increases one’s normal heart beat,listening to rock music the heart beat increases even further.
Islam takes the preventive measure rather than suffer the consequences.
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one of the principles of Islamic Jurisprudence, namely ‘blocking the means’ (sadd al-dhara'i). This is based on the idea of preventing an evil before it
actually materializes, and is taken from the heart of the guidance of the Qur’an and Sunnah that, "Preventing harm is given precedence even to
achieving possible benefits."
Becoming Heedless of Allah
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"I have created jinn and humans only that they serve (worship) me." (Surah al-Dhariyat, 56)
Legal Wisdom and Legal Reason
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For ex-The wisdom behind the prohibition of wine and alcohol is that it creates enmity and hatred between people and it hinders one from the
remembrance of Allah. The reason, is that it is an intoxicating substance.
even if one drinks a minimal quantity which may not have any medical ill effects,even then the wisdom is ,it leads to disobedience,as prevention is
the priority from Un-Islamic Values .
The same way if one is saved from the above mentioned harms, even then music will still remain Haram. It can not be held lawful even if one is saved from
its harms. This is a well established principle in the science of Usul al-Fiqh. Prevention is the priority from Un-Islamic Values
Few points to ponder for those who take music as permisible.
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1.During the period of Prophet Muhammad pbuh people used to play musical instruments but after reverting to Islam they used to leave those practises.
2.It wud've been one of the way to attract people to Islam,when there was extreme hostility,prophet did'nt choosed a way with music to invite people
to Islam?
3.Many people enjoy music,what is the wisdom in prohibiting it,when every one enjoy's it?why would people like to put themselves in trouble
unnecessarily?Beacuse people are choocing what is commanded by Allah subhanawatala.
4.we have hadith which condemn music.we do have hadith which permitted music ocassionaly that too it never was a way part of worship.
5 When adhan was proclaimed people did'nt used music during prophetic times along with voice.
6 Proclaming adhan like song is prohibited.
7 we dont need an intermediatory source to get close to God .If people say for religious purpose music is allright [musical nasheed(Islamic songs) then
can we have choir's in mosques? no ,not at all.what about in prescints of kaba?again not allowed.When it is believed by some as its allowed then it
should be allowed anywhere,but in reality its not allowed at all.
8.We cannot have music in backgroud while Praying,reciting Quran,during Hajj,in tawaf,in Arafat.Because prophet never used music,this also proves
that prophet Dawud alai salam also worshiped not by music but along with the worship of other creations of Allah subhanawatala.
9 If music is permitted then some may say excess of anything is bad, even then we cannot used a little bit in each forms of worships like prayer and hajj?
10.muslims can attract masses via music,but still we cannot choose this way to call people to Islam. Because prophet[pbuh] never ever did it even though during his period people were accustomed to music.
Allah knows best.
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